Who is in day care?
The 2000 census reported that of among the nation's 19.6 million preschoolers, grandparents took care of 21%, 17% were cared for by their father (while their mother was employed or in school); 12% were in day care centers; 9% were cared for by other relatives; 7% were cared for by a family day care provider in their home; and 6% received care in nursery schools or preschools. More than one-third of preschoolers (7.2 million) had no regular child-care arrangement and presumably were under maternal care.
Day care establishments are defined as those primarily engaged in care of infants or children, or in providing pre-kindergarten education, where medical care and/or behavioral correction are not a primary function or major element. Some may or may not have substantial educational programs, and some may care for older children when they are not in school.
What are your child's risks of being exposed to a contagious illness at a day care center?
Medline, a service of the National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health, reports that day care centers do pose some degree of an increased health risk for children, because of the exposure to other children who may be sick.
When your child is in a day care center, the risk is greatest for viral upper respiratory infection (affecting the nose, throat, mouth, voice box) and the common cold, ear infections, and diarrhea. Some studies have tried to link asthma to day care. Other studies suggest that being exposed to all the germs in day care actually IMPROVES your child's immune system.
Studies suggest that the average child will get eight to 10 colds per year, lasting 10 to 14 days each, and occurring primarily in the winter months. This means that if a child gets two colds from March to September, and eight colds from September to March, each lasting two weeks, the child will be sick more than over half of the winter.
At the same time, children in a day care environment, exposed to the exchange of upper respiratory tract viruses every day, are expected to have three to 10 episodes of otitis media annually. This is four times the incidence of children staying at home.
| Simply put, children become sick after being exposed to other sick children. Some guidelines to follow are: |
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| When your child has a temperature higher than 100 degrees, keep him/her at home. A fever is a sign of potentially contagious infection, even if the child feels fine. Schools often advise keeping the child at home until a fever-free period has existed for 24 hours. |
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| When other children in the day care facility have a known contagious infection, such as chicken pox, strep throat, or conjunctivitis, keep your child at home. |
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