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The November 2003 World Health Organization Millennium Development Goals paper states: "(N)early all of this year's 10.8 million child deaths will be confined to the world's 42 lowest-income countries, concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Diarrhoea, pneumonia, and neonatal conditions are the most important causes of childhood mortality worldwide, with malaria and HIV infections contributing in many areas. Malnutrition is associated with 54% of all child deaths." As for some specific statistics, the UNICEF report The State of the World's Children 2004 shows the following: Top 10 Countries for Under-5 Mortality• Rank: 1
• Country: Sierra
Leone
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 239
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 68
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 34 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 36% • Rank: 2
• Country: Niger
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 642
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 170
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 46 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 16% • Rank: 3
• Country: Angola
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 695
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 181
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 40 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): N/A • Rank: 4
• Country: Afghanistan
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 1101
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 283
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 43 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 36% • Rank: 5
• Country: Liberia
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 161
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 38
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 41 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 54% • Rank: 6
• Country: Somalia
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 499
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 112
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 48 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): N/A • Rank: 7
• Country: Mali
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 631
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 140
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 49 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 26% • Rank: 8
• Country: Guinea-Bissau
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 72
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 15
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 45 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 38% • Rank: 9
• Country: Burkina-Faso
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 606
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 125
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 46 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 24% • Rank: 10
• Country: Democratic
Republic of the Congo
• Annual number of births
(in thousands) (2002): 2594
• Annual number of deaths
under-5 (per 1000 live births) (2002): 532
• Life Expectancy at
Birth (2002): 41 years
• Total Adult Literacy
Rate (2000): 61% Bottom 10 Countries for Under-5 MortalityDetermining which countries constitute the bottom 10 of the under-5 mortality statistics is more difficult because there are a lot of ties. If one were to count individual countries, Canada is about 30th from the bottom, and the United States about 34th.
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